Impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch on 30-day outcomes in young and middle-aged patients undergoing aortic valve replacement

Background: The impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) on early outcomes in young and middle-aged patients undergoing conventional aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis remains unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the incidence of some degree of PPM and its influence on early mortality and morbidity. Methods: We analyzed our single center experience in all patients <70 years undergoing first-time isolated aortic valve replacement for severe stenosis in our center from September 2007 to September 2011. PPM was defined as an indexed effective orifice area <= 0,85 cm(2)/m(2). The influence of PPM on early mortality and postoperative complications was studied using propensity score analysis. Follow up at 30 postoperative days was 100% complete. Results: Of 199 patients studied, 61 (30,7%) had some degree of PPM. PPM was associated with an increased postoperative mortality (OR = 8,71; 95% CI = 1,67-45,29; p = 0,04) and major postoperative complications (OR = 2,96; CI = 1,03-8,55; p = 0,044). However, no association between PPM and prolonged hospital or ICU stay was demonstrated. Conclusions: Moderate PPM is a common finding in young and middle-aged patients undergoing surgery for aortic valve replacement due to severe stenosis. In addition, its influence on early outcomes may be relevant.