Measurements of stem xylem hydraulic conductivity in the laboratory and field

被引：119

作者：

Melcher, Peter J. ^{[2
]}

Holbrook, N. Michele ^{[3
]}

Burns, Michael J. ^{[4
]}

Zwieniecki, Maciej A. ^{[5
]}

Cobb, Alexander R. ^{[6
]}

Brodribb, Timothy J. ^{[7
]}

Choat, Brendan ^{[8
]}

Sack, Lawren ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[2] Ctr Nat Sci, Dept Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA

[3] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[4] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA

[5] Arnold Arboretum Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02130 USA

[6] Singapore MIT Alliance Res & Technol, Ctr Environm Sensing & Modeling, Buona Vista, Singapore

[7] Univ Tasmania, Sch Plant Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia

[8] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia

来源：

METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION | 2012年 / 3卷 / 04期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 美国安德鲁·梅隆基金会;

关键词：

cavitation; embolism; flow meter; hydraulic conductivity; per cent loss conductivity; tracheid; vessel; xylem; STRESS-INDUCED CAVITATION; PIT MEMBRANE POROSITY; FREEZE-THAW CYCLES; WATER-STRESS; VULNERABILITY CURVES; EMBOLISM REPAIR; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; IONIC COMPOSITION; ACER-SACCHARUM; LEAF;

D O I：

10.1111/j.2041-210X.2012.00204.x

中图分类号：

Q14 [生态学（生物生态学）];

学科分类号：

071012 ; 0713 ;

摘要：

1. Xylem hydraulic properties play an essential role in supporting growth and photosynthesis and influence sensitivity to environmental conditions such as drought and freezing. Consequently, stem hydraulic conductance can be used as a comparative measure of overall hydraulic adaptation across species and to assess the impact of environmental variation, especially drought, on water transport. 2. We summarize the main methods currently in use for measurements of stem xylem hydraulic properties. Measurements can be accomplished in a number of ways, including using a pipette, an analytic balance or a pressure-drop flow meter. We provide new details on the design of a relatively inexpensive and easily field-deployable flow meter that is flexible for a variety of applications. The biological challenges associated with these measurements arise from the difficulties of working with diverse living tissues of variable geometry. 3. We provide a review of best practices and provide technical guidance, emphasizing measurements on detached samples using portable equipment.

引用

页码：685 / 694

页数：10

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