Design and Optimization of a Low Cost Multi Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for K-Band, Ku-Band and X-band Applications

The main motto of this paper is to design the effective shape of a microstrip patch antenna which can provide lower return losses, better gain and performance for K-band (18 GHz to 26 GHz), Ku-band (12 GHz to 18 GHz) and X-band (2 GHz to 12 GHz) applications. Attempts have been made to optimize the antenna performance by using a single slot in different position in patch, by increasing the number of slots in vertical and horizontal direction and by using array technique. The simulation is performed by using GEMS simulator which is commercially available antenna simulator. The antenna is designed by using Taconic TLY-5 dielectric substrate with permittivity square(r) =2.2 and height, h=1.588 mm. Without using array technique we have got the return losses in the range of -20 db to -25 db at the frequencies around 19.5 GHz. The series feed array offers -13db return loss around 21GHz, -17.5 db return loss around 16 GHz and -7.25 db return loss around 11.5 GHz. Therefore, this antenna is suitable for K-band, Ku-band and X-band applications.