High spatial resolution mapping of surface velocities and depths for shallow overland flow

被引:29
作者
Legout, C. [1 ]
Darboux, F. [2 ]
Nedelec, Y. [3 ]
Hauet, A. [4 ]
Esteves, M. [1 ]
Renaux, B. [2 ]
Denis, H. [1 ]
Cordier, S. [5 ]
机构
[1] UJF Grenoble 1, LTHE UMR 5564, CNRS, G INP,IRD, F-38041 Grenoble 09, France
[2] INRA, UR0272, UR Sci Sol, Ctr Rech Orleans,CS 40001, F-45075 Orleans 2, France
[3] CETE Sud Ouest, Dept Lab Bordeaux, Grp Geotech, Bordeaux, France
[4] EDF Ctr Hydrometeorol Pyrenees Massif Cent, Toulouse, France
[5] CNRS, U Orleans, MAPMO, F-45071 Orleans, France
关键词
free surface hydraulics; shallow flow; overland flow; flow velocity; flow depth; particle image velocimetry; laser scanner; PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; SOIL-EROSION MODELS; SALTATING SEDIMENT; MEAN VELOCITY; RUNOFF; TRANSPORT; SCALE; SIMULATION; DETACHMENT; DEPOSITION;
D O I
10.1002/esp.3220
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
Point measurements of flow rate, depth or velocity are not sufficient to validate overland flow models, particularly when the interaction of the water with the soil surface creates a complex flow geometry. In this study, we present the coupling of two techniques obtaining spatial data of flow depths and surface velocity measurements for water depths as low as 1?mm. Overland flow experiments were performed in the laboratory at various flow rates and slopes on two surfaces. The first surface was 120?cm by 120?cm showing three undulations of sinusoidal shape with an amplitude of 1?cm and a wavelength of 20?cm, while the second was a 60?cm by 60?cm moulded reproduction of a seedbed with aggregates up to 2?cm in size. Large scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) was used for velocity measurements with a sub-centimetre spatial resolution. An instantaneous-profile laser scanner was used to map flow depths with a sub-millimetre spatial resolution. A sensitivity analysis of the image processing of the LSPIV showed good robustness of the method. Comparison with measurements performed with hot film anemometer and salt velocity gauge showed that LSPIV surface velocities were representative of the flow. Water depths measured with the laser scanner were also in good agreement with single-point measurements performed with a dial indicator. Spatially-distributed flow rates could be computed by combining both presented techniques with a mean relative error less than 20%. Copyright (C) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
引用
收藏
页码:984 / 993
页数:10
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