Indirect, out-of-pocket and medical costs from influenza-related illness in young children

被引:46
作者
Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R. [1 ]
Molinari, Noelle-Angelique M. [1 ]
Fairbrother, Gerry [2 ]
Szilagyi, Peter G. [3 ]
Edwards, Kathryn M. [4 ]
Griffin, Marie R. [4 ]
Cassedy, Amy [2 ]
Poehling, Katherine A. [4 ]
Bridges, Carolyn [1 ]
Staat, Mary Allen [2 ]
机构
[1] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
[2] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA
[3] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
[4] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
关键词
Influenza; Children; Out-of-pocket cost; Indirect cost; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; OUTPATIENT VISITS; DAY-CARE; BURDEN; HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINATION; IMPACT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BENEFITS; DISEASE;
D O I
10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.057
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Background: Studies have documented direct medical costs of influenza-related illness in young children, however little is known about the out-of-pocket and indirect costs (e.g., missed work time) incurred by caregivers of children with medically attended influenza. Objective: To determine the indirect, out-of-pocket (OOP), and direct medical costs of laboratory-confirmed medically attended influenza illness among young children. Methods: Using a population-based surveillance network, we evaluated a representative group of children aged <5 years with laboratory-confirmed, medically attended influenza during the 2003-2004 season. Children hospitalized or seen in emergency department (ED) or outpatient settings in surveillance counties with laboratory-confirmed influenza were identified and data were collected from medical records, accounting databases, and follow-up interviews with caregivers. Outcome measures included work time missed, OOP expenses (e.g., over-the-counter medicines, travel expenses), and direct medical costs. Costs were estimated (in 2009 US Dollars) and comparisons were made among children with and without high risk conditions for influenza-related complications. Results: Data were obtained from 67 inpatients, 121 ED patients and 92 outpatients with laboratory-confirmed influenza. Caregivers of hospitalized children missed an average of 73 work hours (estimated cost $1456); caregivers of children seen in the ED and outpatient clinics missed 19 ($383) and 11 work hours ($222), respectively. Average OOP expenses were $178, $125 and $52 for inpatients, ED-patients and outpatients, respectively. OOP and indirect costs were similar between those with and without high risk conditions (p > 0.10). Medical costs totaled $3990 for inpatients and $730 for ED-patients. Conclusions: Out-of-pocket and indirect costs of laboratory-confirmed and medically attended influenza in young children are substantial and support the benefits of vaccination. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
引用
收藏
页码:4175 / 4181
页数:7
相关论文
共 39 条
[31]   Prospective Assessment of Out-of-Pocket Patient-Related Cost for ERCP at an Urban Tertiary Care Medical Center [J].
C. Mel Wilcox ;
Roshan Patel ;
Chad Burski ;
Shyam Varadarajulu ;
Meredith Kilgore .
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2011, 56
[32]   Out-of-pocket payments by end-stage kidney disease patients on regular hemodialysis: Cost of illness analysis, experience from Sudan [J].
Yousif, Aisha Osman ;
Idris, Almutaz Khalfalla Mohammed ;
Awad, Mousnad Mohammed ;
El-Samani, El-Fatih Z. .
HEMODIALYSIS INTERNATIONAL, 2021, 25 (01) :123-130
[33]   Care-related Out-of-Pocket Spending and Caregiving Consequences: Results from a Canadian Population-based Study [J].
Shooshtari, Shahin ;
Duncan, Karen A. ;
Roger, Kerstin ;
Fast, Janet ;
Han, Jing .
JOURNAL OF FAMILY AND ECONOMIC ISSUES, 2017, 38 (03) :405-420
[34]   Out-of-Pocket Spending for Non-Birth-Related Hospitalizations of Privately Insured US Children, 2017 to 2019 [J].
Carlton, Erin F. ;
Becker, Nora V. ;
Moniz, Michelle H. ;
Scott, John W. ;
Prescott, Hallie C. ;
Chua, Kao-Ping .
JAMA PEDIATRICS, 2023, 177 (05) :516-525
[35]   Medical treatment loans and their effects on health care utilization and out-of-pocket expenditure: Evidence from an experiment in northern Bangladesh [J].
Islam, Muhammed Nazmul ;
Rabbani, Atonu ;
De Allegri, Manuela ;
Sarker, Malabika .
WORLD DEVELOPMENT, 2024, 184
[36]   Emerging age, sex, ethnoracial, and regional trends in pneumonia and influenza-related mortality among children from 1999 to 2020 [J].
Sheikh, Rubyisha ;
Shaikh, Nushma ;
Ahmed, Mateen ;
Jamil, Zara ;
Wala, Maria Camp ;
Khan, Kashish ;
Maqsood, Biya ;
Zeeshan, Eiman ;
Lal, Priyanka Keshav ;
Khan, Muhammad Taha ;
Raza, Fatima Ali ;
Singh, Ajeet ;
Daoud, Mohamed ;
Sulaiman, Samia Aziz .
MEDICINE, 2025, 104 (17)
[37]   Outcome of Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units due to Influenza-Related Severe Acute Respiratory Illness in 2017-2018 Flu Season: A Multicenter Study from Turkey [J].
Ortac Ersoy, Ebru ;
Er, Berrin ;
Ciftci, Fatma ;
Gulleroglu, Aykan ;
Suner, Kezban ;
Arpinar, Burcu ;
Aygencel, Gulbin ;
Bacakoglu, Feza ;
Akpinar, Serdar ;
Comert, Bilgin ;
Sungurtekin, Hulya ;
Altintas, Defne ;
Rollas, Kazim ;
Turan, Sema ;
Topeli, Arzu .
RESPIRATION, 2021, 99 (11) :954-960
[38]   The effect of shifting medical coverage from National Health Insurance to Medical Aid type I and type II on health care utilization and out-of-pocket spending in South Korea [J].
Lee, Doo Woong ;
Jang, Jieun ;
Choi, Dong-Woo ;
Jang, Sung-In ;
Park, Eun-Cheol .
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH, 2020, 20 (01)
[39]   Effects of decreasing the out-of-pocket expenses for outpatient care on health-seeking behaviors, health outcomes and medical expenses of people with diabetes: evidence from China [J].
Du, Wenwen ;
Liu, Ping ;
Xu, Wei .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH, 2022, 21 (01)