Healing of large-scale failures in WSN by the effectual placement of relay nodes

The lightening growth in Internet of Things (IoT), forced the deployment of various types of applications. Due to the likelihood of sensor failures, the applications of IoT cannot be benefited. These node failures can transform the fully-connected network into multiple disjoint sub-networks, named network partitioning problem where the nodes fail to perform intended services. The federation of these isolated network segments is essential. In this study, a distributed approach FRTP (Failure Recovery using Relay Nodes at Torricelli points (T-p)) is proposed, where the restoration of the disconnected network is initiated using the relay nodes (RNs). The performance of FRTP is evaluated using network simulator tool NS-2 and the experimental results show that it achieves better performance than the existing approaches. The main goal of the proposed approach is to minimise the number of HRNs (Healing Relay Nodes), APL (Average path length), recovery time of the network and to maximise the average node degree. The average improvement in minimisation of number of HRN, APL, and recovery time of the network for radio range of 100 m are 21.57, 13.23, and 9.96%, respectively, and the maximisation of average node degree is 9.83%.