Gold deposition from 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium dicyanamide ionic liquid at open-circuit and under potentiostatic control

In this work, the deposition of gold on copper substrates from solutions of HAuCl4 center dot 3H(2)O in 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide was studied. Deposition was carried out in open-circuit and under potentiostatic control at temperatures from 293 to 353 K, in normal atmosphere, with deposition conditions allowing water from atmospheric absorption up to 0.8 wt.%. Films of gold were obtained by both methods. Deposition at open-circuit occurs by galvanic displacement mechanism. Involvement of Cu+ species in the electrodeposition process was suggested by cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, copper incorporation in the gold films was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. SEM observation and XRD analysis show that films are nanocrystalline with a globular morphology except for the films formed under potentiostatic control at 353 K, which show a dendritic structure. The size of the crystallites determined by Scherrer's equation varies in the range from 6 to 25 nm. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.