Physical fitness reference standards for preschool children: The PREFIT project

被引:66
作者
Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina [1 ]
Intemann, Timm [2 ]
Labayen, Idoia [3 ]
Peinado, Ana B. [4 ]
Vidal-Conti, Josep [5 ]
Sanchis-Moysi, Joaquin [6 ,7 ]
Moliner-Urdiales, Diego [8 ]
Rodriguez Perez, Manuel A. [9 ]
Canete Garcia-Prieto, Jorge [10 ]
del Rosario Fernandez-Santos, Jorge [11 ]
Martinez-Tellez, Borja [1 ]
Vicente-Rodriguez, German [12 ]
Lof, Marie [13 ]
Ruiz, Jonatan R. [1 ]
Ortega, Francisco B. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Granada, Fac Sport Sci, PROFITH PROmoting FITness & Hlth Phys Act Res Grp, Dept Phys Educ & Sports, Granada, Spain
[2] Univ Bremen, Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol BIPS, Inst Stat, Fac Math & Comp Sci, Bremen, Germany
[3] Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Hlth Sci, Inst Innovat & Sustainable Dev Food Chain IS FOOD, Navarra, Spain
[4] Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, LFE Res Grp, Madrid, Spain
[5] Univ Balearic Isl, Dept Educ, Palma De Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
[6] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Dept Phys Educ, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain
[7] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Res Inst Biomed & Hlth Sci IUIBS, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain
[8] Univ Jaume 1, LIFE Reserach Grp, Castellon de La Plana, Castellon, Spain
[9] Univ Almeria, Area Phys Educ & Sport, SPORT Res Grp CTS 1024, Almeria, Spain
[10] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Hlth & Social Res Ctr, Ciudad Real, Spain
[11] Univ Cadiz, Sch Educ, Dept Phys Educ, Cadiz, Spain
[12] Univ Zaragoza, GENUD Growth Exercise Nutr & Dev Res Grp, Fac Hlth & Sport Sci FCSD, Inst Agroalimentario Aragon IA2, Zaragoza, Spain
[13] Linkoping Univ, Dept Med & Hlth Sci, Karolinska Inst, Dept Biosci & Nutr,NOVUM, Linkoping, Sweden
关键词
Cardiorespiratory fitness; Muscular strength; Motor skills; Reference values; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; REFERENCE VALUES; AGED; 3; ADOLESCENTS; STRENGTH; BATTERY; EUROFIT;
D O I
10.1016/j.jsams.2018.09.227
中图分类号
G8 [体育];
学科分类号
04 ; 0403 ;
摘要
Objectives: Reference values are necessary for classifying children, for health screening, and for early prevention as many non-communicable diseases aggravate during growth and development. While physical fitness reference standards are available in children aged 6 and older, such information is lacking in preschool children. Therefore, the purposes of this study were (1) to provide sex-and age-specific physical fitness reference standards for Spanish preschool children; and (2) to study sex differences across this age period and to characterise fitness performance throughout the preschool period. Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: A total of 3179 preschool children (1678 boys) aged 2.8-6.4 years old from Spain were included in the present study. Physical fitness was measured using the PREFIT battery. Results: Age- and sex-specific percentiles for the physical fitness components are provided. Boys performed better than girls in the cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and speed-agility tests over the whole preschool period studied and for the different percentiles. In contrast, girls performed slightly better than boys in the balance test. Older children had better performance in all fitness tests than their younger counterparts. Conclusions: Our study provides age- and sex-specific physical fitness reference standards in preschool children allowing interpretation of fitness assessment. Sexual dimorphism in fitness tests exists already at preschool age, and these differences become larger with age. These findings will help health, sport, and school professionals to identify preschool children with a high/very low fitness level, to examine changes in fitness over time, and to analyse those changes obtained due to intervention effects. (C) 2018 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:430 / 437
页数:8
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