Resolving Current-Dependent Regimes of Electroplating Mechanisms for Fast Charging Lithium Metal Anodes

被引：77

作者：

Boyle, David T. ^{[1
]}

Li, Yuzhang ^{[2
,3
]}

Pei, Allen ^{[2
]}

Vila, Rafael A. ^{[2
]}

Zhang, Zewen ^{[2
]}

Sayavong, Philaphon ^{[1
]}

Kim, Mun Sek ^{[2
]}

Huang, William ^{[2
]}

Wang, Hongxia ^{[2
]}

Liu, Yunzhi ^{[2
]}

Xu, Rong ^{[2
]}

Sinclair, Robert ^{[2
]}

Qin, Jian ^{[4
]}

Bao, Zhenan ^{[4
]}

Cui, Yi ^{[2
,5
]}

机构：

[1] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[2] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[3] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[4] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[5] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

来源：

NANO LETTERS | 2022年 / 22卷 / 20期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

lithium metal battery; fast charging; charge transfer; dendrite prevention; plating mechanism; SOLID-ELECTROLYTE INTERPHASE; DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED GROWTH; ELECTRODEPOSITION; DENDRITES; ION; BATTERIES; DISSOLUTION; NUCLEATION; MICROSCOPY; DEPOSITION;

D O I：

10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02792

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

Poor fast-charge capabilities limit the usage of rechargeable Li metal anodes. Understanding the connection between charging rate, electroplating mechanism, and Li morphology could enable fast-charging solutions. Here, we develop a combined electroanalytical and nanoscale characterization approach to resolve the current-dependent regimes of Li plating mechanisms and morphology. Measurement of Li+ transport through the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) shows that low currents induce plating at buried Li parallel to SEI interfaces, but high currents initiate SEI-breakdown and plating at fresh Li parallel to electrolyte interfaces. The latter pathway can induce uniform growth of {110}-faceted Li at extremely high currents, suggesting ion-transport limitations alone are insufficient to predict Li morphology. At battery relevant fast-charging rates, SEI-breakdown above a critical current density produces detrimental morphology and poor cyclability. Thus, prevention of both SEI-breakdown and slow ion-transport in the electrolyte is essential. This mechanistic insight can inform further electrolyte engineering and customization of fast-charging protocols for Li metal batteries.

引用

页码：8224 / 8232

页数：9

共 58 条

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