The major objective of this study was to examine the association between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and the risk of various types of leukemias across the lifespans of children and adults by using the meta-predictive techniques. The secondary objective was to examine the interactions among epigenetic risk factors (including air pollution), MTHFR polymorphisms, and the risks of developing leukemia. We completed a comprehensive search of 6 databases to find 54 studies (10,033 leukemia cases and 15,835 controls) for MTHFR 677, and 43 studies (8,868 cases and 14,301 controls) for MTHFR 1298, published from 1999 to 2014. The results revealed that, in European populations; childhood populations; children from Europe, East Asia, and America; and children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), MTHFR 677 polymorphisms (both TT and CT types together and individually) are protective, while CC wildtype was leukemogenic. In addition, MTHFR 1298 polymorphisms were protective against ALL and acute myeloid leukemia in European children, and in chronic myeloid leukemia in all adults worldwide and American adults. Air pollution played a role in the increased polymorphisms of MTHFR 677 genotypes in childhood leukemia.
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Los Angeles Cty Coll Nursing & Allied Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USALos Angeles Cty Coll Nursing & Allied Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA
Gonzales, Mildred C.
Yu, Pojui
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Natl Taiwan Univ, Sch Nursing, Taipei, Taiwan
Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Taipei, TaiwanLos Angeles Cty Coll Nursing & Allied Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA
Yu, Pojui
Shiao, S. Pamela K.
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Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Nursing Res, Augusta, GA USA
Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Coll Nursing, Augusta, GA USA
Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Grad Sch, Augusta, GA USA
Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Ctr Biotechnol & Genom Med, Augusta, GA USALos Angeles Cty Coll Nursing & Allied Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA
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King Georges Med Univ, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Dept Pediat, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaKing Georges Med Univ, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Dept Pediat, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Moulik, Nirmalya Roy
Parveen, Farah
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Sanjay Gandhi Postgrad Inst Med Sci, Dept Med Genet, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaKing Georges Med Univ, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Dept Pediat, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Parveen, Farah
Kumar, Archana
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King Georges Med Univ, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Dept Pediat, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaKing Georges Med Univ, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Dept Pediat, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Kumar, Archana
Awasthi, Shally
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King Georges Med Univ, Dept Pediat, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaKing Georges Med Univ, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Dept Pediat, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Awasthi, Shally
Agrawal, Suraksha
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Sanjay Gandhi Postgrad Inst Med Sci, Dept Med Genet, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaKing Georges Med Univ, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Dept Pediat, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India