Bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women and its impact on prematurity and low birth weight

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a syndrome produced by the imbalance of the normal vaginal microbiota, common in women of childbearing age including pregnant women (PW). The objectives of this study were to know the prevalence of BV in the second trimester of pregnancy in the population studied and its impact on the production of premature births (PB) and/or low birth weight infants (LBWI). A retrospective, comparative study of cases and controls of 315 PW with and without vaginosis was carried out in the second trimester of pregnancy between 2009 and 2016. Those cases affected by BV (stage IV) were considered "cases", and "controls" those that exhibited a habitual microbiota (stage I). Twenty percent of PW presented VB (stage IV) and 16 LBWI were recorded (11 among 62 cases and 5 among 120 controls) (10.025). On 16 occasions, labour was premature (10 among cases and 6 among controls) (p=0.007). In total, the difficulties in delivery were significantly more numerous among the cases than among the controls (p=0.009), at least in the population studied the presence of vaginosis in the second trimester of the ME was significantly associated with PB delivery and/or LBWI.