Necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (NHP) is considered to be one of the most important bacterial diseases affecting penaeid shrimp culture and is caused by an unclassified Gram-negative, pleomorphic, intracellular Alphaproteobacterium. Due to the enteric nature of the bacteria, PCR is the one non-lethal method available for detection of the pathogen. Over a decade ago, a PCR protocol was developed for detection of NHP, which over the subsequent years was shown to occasionally generate false positive reactions. The University of Arizona Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory has developed a set of primers and PCR cycling parameters that have been tested on a variety of DNA templates, using 2 types of PCR reagent systems, which eliminated the generation of false positive amplicons.