Disparities in PM2.5 air pollution in the United States

被引：258

作者：

Colmer, Jonathan ^{[1
]}

Hardman, Ian ^{[2
]}

Shimshack, Jay ^{[3
]}

Voorheis, John ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Virginia, Dept Econ, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA

[2] Stanford Univ, Program Energy & Sustainable Dev, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[3] Univ Virginia, Frank Batten Sch Leadership & Publ Policy, Charlottesville, VA USA

[4] US Bur Census, Washington, DC 20233 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2020年 / 369卷 / 6503期

基金：

英国经济与社会研究理事会;

关键词：

ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE; PARTICULATE MATTER; HEALTH; CONSEQUENCES; MORTALITY; BENEFITS; TRENDS; IMPACT;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aaz9353

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Air pollution at any given time is unequally distributed across locations. Average concentrations of fine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM2.5) have fallen over time. However, we do not know how the spatial distribution of PM2.5 has evolved. Here, we provide early evidence. We combine 36 years of PM2.5 concentrations measured over similar to 8.6 million grid cells with geographic, economic, and demographic data from similar to 65,000 U.S. census tracts. We show that differences in PM2.5 between more and less polluted areas declined substantially between 1981 and 2016. However, the most polluted census tracts in 1981 remained the most polluted in 2016. The least polluted census tracts in 1981 remained the least polluted in 2016. The most exposed subpopulations in 1981 remained the most exposed in 2016. Overall, absolute disparities have fallen, but relative disparities persist.

引用

页码：575 / +

页数：41

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