A novel chiral phase of achiral hard triangles and an entropy-driven demixing of enantiomers

被引:37
|
作者
Gantapara, Anjan P. [1 ]
Qi, Weikai [1 ,2 ]
Dijkstra, Marjolein [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, Soft Condensed Matter, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
[2] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Chem, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
关键词
COLLOIDAL CRYSTALS; SYMMETRY BREAKING;
D O I
10.1039/c5sm01762a
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
We investigate the phase behavior of a system of hard equilateral and right-angled triangles in two dimensions using Monte Carlo simulations. Hard equilateral triangles undergo a continuous isotropic-triatic liquid crystal phase transition at packing fraction phi = 0.7. Similarly, hard right-angled isosceles triangles exhibit a first-order phase transition from an isotropic fluid phase to a rhombic liquid crystal phase with a coexistence region phi is an element of [0.733, 0.782]. Both these liquid crystals undergo a continuous phase transition to their respective close-packed crystal structures at high pressures. Although the particles and their close-packed crystals are both achiral, the solid phases of equilateral and right-angled triangles exhibit spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking at sufficiently high packing fractions. The colloidal triangles rotate either in the clockwise or anti-clockwise direction with respect to one of the lattice vectors for packing fractions higher than phi(chi). As a consequence, these triangles spontaneously form a regular lattice of left-or right-handed chiral holes which are surrounded by six triangles in the case of equilateral triangles and four or eight triangles for right-angled triangles. Moreover, our simulations show a spontaneous entropy-driven demixing transition of the right-and left-handed "enantiomers''.
引用
收藏
页码:8684 / 8691
页数:8
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