Associations of the lipid genetic variants Thr54 (FABP2) and-493T (MTTP) with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Mexican subjects

Objective Mexico has one of the world's highest rates of obesity, which is influenced by lipid-genetic and lifestyle factors. This study aimed to determine whether FABP2 (Ala54Thr) and MTTP (-493 G/T) genetic polymorphisms are associated with metabolic disorders in Mexican subjects. Methods A total of 523 subjects participated in a cross-sectional study. Genotyping for FABP2 and MTTP was performed using real-time RT-PCR. Biochemical and anthropometric data were evaluated. Results The genetically at-risk group (Thr54/-493T) was associated with significantly higher total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (difference between genetically at-risk group and wild-type group: 10.6 mg/dL and 8.94 mg/dL, respectively). Carriers within the genetically at-risk group had a significantly higher prevalence rate of hypercholesterolaemia (42.5% vs. 32.0%) and higher LDL-C levels (37.6% vs. 26.4%) than did non-carriers. Conclusions Subjects who are genetically at risk (Thr54/-493T) have higher total cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and prevalence rate of hypercholesterolaemia. These findings highlight the importance of basing nutritional intervention strategies for preventing and treating chronic diseases on individual genetic characteristics.