Differential chemokine and cytokine production by neonatal bovine γδ T-cell subsets in response to viral toll-like receptor agonists and in vivo respiratory syncytial virus infection

被引:45
作者
McGill, Jodi L. [1 ]
Nonnecke, Brian J. [1 ]
Lippolis, John D. [1 ]
Reinhardt, Timothy A. [1 ]
Sacco, Randy E. [1 ]
机构
[1] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA
关键词
bovine gamma delta T cells; respiratory syncytial virus; toll-like receptors; vitamin D; VITAMIN-D; GENE-EXPRESSION; LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; ANAPLASMA-MARGINALE; SURFACE-MOLECULE; DISEASE; WC1; ANTIGEN; CALVES;
D O I
10.1111/imm.12075
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
T cells respond to stimulation via toll-like receptors (TLR). Bovine T cells express TLR3 and TLR7, receptors that are key for the recognition of viruses such as bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV); however, responses of T cells to stimulation via these receptors, and their role during viral infections, remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that neonatal bovine T cells exhibit robust chemokine and cytokine production in response to the TLR3 agonist, Poly(I:C), and the TLR7 agonist, Imiquimod. Importantly, we observe a similar phenotype in T-cell subsets purified from calves infected with BRSV. Bovine T cells are divided into subsets based upon their expression of WC1, and the response to TLR stimulation and viral infection differs between these subsets, with WC1.1+ and WC1neg T cells producing macrophage inflammatory protein-1 and granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor, and WC1.2+ T cells preferentially producing the regulatory cytokines interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-. We further report that the active vitamin D metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 does not alter T-cell responses to TLR agonists or BRSV. To our knowledge, this is the first characterization of the T-cell response during in vivo BRSV infection and the first suggestion that WC1.1+ and WC1neg T cells contribute to the recruitment of inflammatory populations during viral infection. Based on our results, we propose that circulating T cells are poised to rapidly respond to viral infection and suggest an important role for T cells in the innate immune response of the bovine neonate.
引用
收藏
页码:227 / 244
页数:18
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