The Osteoinductive and Osteoconductive Effects of Demineralized Bone Matrix on Adipose Tissue-derived Stem Cells

Tissue engineering has been used to enhance the utility of biomaterials for bone repair. The bone repair could be accelerated by incorporation of an osteoprogenitor cells into a biodegradable scaffold. In this study, we investigated whether demineralized bone matrix (DBM) can induce in vitro osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs). Also we explored the effect of addition of ASCs as osteogenic factor on DBM in in vivo bone formation. We examined the induction of alkaline phosphatase expresion in ASCs cultured by DBM. In addtion, we assayed the binding and proliferation of ASCs on DBM. Finally, DBM/ASCs was implanted into nude mice to verify new bone forming ability. DBM induced osteogenic differentiation of ASCs, but its osteoinductive activity was weak and showed batch to batch variation. DBM could provide substratum for attachment and growth of ASCs. At 4 weeks post-implantation, mice received with DBM/ASCs showed more early fibrovascular tissue ingrowth and prominent osteoid formation. Our results demonstrated that DBM can be successfully used as a osteoinductive and osteoconductive factor for ASCs to support new bone formation.