TEM observations of goethite dehydration:: Application to archaeological samples

被引:57
作者
Pomiès, MP
Menu, M
Vignaud, C
机构
[1] Musees France, Lab Rech, UMR 171 CNRS, F-75041 Paris 01, France
[2] UPR 15 CNRS, Lab Phys Liquides & Electrochim, F-75005 Paris, France
关键词
calcination; electron microscopy; porosity; transition metal oxides; archaeological applications;
D O I
10.1016/S0955-2219(98)00254-4
中图分类号
TQ174 [陶瓷工业]; TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要
Red and black were the two colours around which Palaeolithic art was organised. Manganese oxides and charcoal were the black pigments and hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) the red one. The latter mineral is naturally abundant, but archaeological observations nevertheless suggest that the well-known colour change accompanying the dehydration of yellow goethite (alpha-FeOOH) to red hematite may have been employed by Prehistoric artists to obtain red pigment. In ol der to confirm this assumption, a study was carried out on synthetic goethite samples using XRD and TEM. rn particular, the goethite-to-hematite transformation was observed in situ and provided useful information about both dehydration and recrystallisation processes. The existence of water up to high heating temperatures was found to be coherent with the typical porous microstructure accompanying the phase transformation. Similar studies were carried out on archaeological hematites coming from Troubat, a French Pyrenean Palaeolithic site. Characteristic features of previous hearing, were identified, such as pores or small amounts of maghemite (alpha-Fe2O3), which confirms that Prehistorics had acquired this technical know-how. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Limited. All rights reserved.
引用
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页码:1605 / 1614
页数:10
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