Application Benchmark of Three Micro Hole Machining Processes for Manufacturing the Nozzle of a Medical Water Jet Machine

Micro hole machining refers to the process of drilling holes with a diameter of less than 1 millimeter. This paper compares three commonly used technologies: mechanical drilling, laser machining and electrical discharge machining. All of these techniques were analyzed based on an experimental measurement of dimensional accuracy, circularity, burr formation and the image of the internal surface. The most significant criterion of analysis is surface quality, as the main purpose of the examination was to find the most precise process. In addition, a detailed cost analysis, pertaining to machining time, the tools and machines was performed. The experiment utilized a high precision lathe, an Nd:YAG laser and an electrical discharge machine. The final results revealed the micro drilling process as the one with the most promising parameters. Therefore, it was suggested for industrial applications. However, once the economic factors were not taken into account, the EDM also became a more attractive option, based on good technical and quality parameters.