Updated procedure for the safety evaluation of natural flavor complexes used as ingredients in food

被引：31

作者：

Cohen, Samuel M. ^{[1
]}

Eisenbrand, Gerhard ^{[2
]}

Fukushima, Shoji ^{[3
]}

Gooderham, Nigel J. ^{[4
]}

Guengerich, F. Peter ^{[5
]}

Hecht, Stephen S. ^{[6
,7
]}

Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M. ^{[8
]}

Davidsen, Jeanne M. ^{[9
]}

Harman, Christie L. ^{[9
]}

Taylor, Sean V. ^{[10
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, 983135 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA

[2] Univ Kaiserslautern, Food Chem & Toxicol, Kaiserslautern, Germany

[3] Japan Bioassay Res Ctr, 2445 Hirasawa, Hadano, Kanagawa 2570015, Japan

[4] Imperial Coll London, Dept Surg & Canc, Sir Alexander Fleming Bldg, London SW7 2AZ, England

[5] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Nashville, TN 37232 USA

[6] Univ Minnesota, Masonic Canc Ctr, Canc & Cardiovasc Res Bldg,2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[7] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Canc & Cardiovasc Res Bldg,2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[8] Wageningen Univ, Div Toxicol, Stippeneng 4, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands

[9] Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Assoc, 1101 17th St,NW Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036 USA

[10] FEMA Expert Panel, 1101 17th St,NW Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036 USA

来源：

FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY | 2018年 / 113卷

关键词：

Food; Flavoring; Complex mixtures; Toxicology; Botanicals; Threshold of toxicological concern; GRAS; TOXICOLOGICAL CONCERN; SUBSTANCES PRESENT; THRESHOLD; DIET; TTC;

D O I：

10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.021

中图分类号：

TS2 [食品工业];

学科分类号：

0832 ;

摘要：

An effective and thorough approach for the safety evaluation of natural flavor complexes (NFCs) was published in 2005 by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). An updated procedure is provided here, which maintains the essential concepts of the use of the congeneric group approach and the reliance on the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) concept. The updated procedure emphasizes more rigorous considerations of unidentified constituents and the genotoxic potential of constituents. The update of the previously established procedure is the first step in a multi-year project to conduct safety re-evaluations for more than 250 NFCs that have uses that are currently considered Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by the FEMA Expert Panel. In addition, this procedure can be more generally employed in the safety evaluation of NFCs.

引用

页码：171 / 178

页数：8

共 14 条

[1] The Safety and Regulation of Natural Products Used as Foods and Food Ingredients
Abdel-Rahman, Ali
Anyangwe, Njwen
Carlacci, Louis
Casper, Steve
Danam, Rebecca P.
Enongene, Evaristus
Erives, Gladys
Fabricant, Daniel
Gudi, Ramadevi
Hilmas, Corey J.
Hines, Fred
Howard, Paul
Levy, Dan
Lin, Ying
Moore, Robert J.
Pfeiler, Erika
Thurmond, T. Scott
Turujman, Saleh
Walker, Nigel J.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2011, 123 (02) : 333 - 348
[2] FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Citrus-derived flavoring ingredients
Cohen, Samuel M.
Eisenbrand, Gerhard
Fukushima, Shoji
Gooderham, Nigel J.
Guengerich, F. Peter
Hecht, Stephen S.
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M.
Bastaki, Maria
Davidsen, Jeanne M.
Harman, Christie L.
McGowen, Margaret
Taylor, Sean V.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2019, 124 : 192 - 218
[3] FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Cinnamomum and Myroxylon-derived flavoring ingredients
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M.
Cohen, Samuel M.
Eisenbrand, Gerhard
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Gooderham, Nigel J.
Guengerich, F. Peter
Hecht, Stephen S.
Rosol, Thomas J.
Davidsen, Jeanne M.
Harman, Christie L.
Murray, Ian J.
Taylor, Sean, V
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2020, 135
[4] FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Clove, cinnamon leaf and West Indian bay leaf-derived flavoring ingredients
Gooderham, Nigel J.
Cohen, Samuel M.
Eisenbrand, Gerhard
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Guengerich, F. Peter
Hecht, Stephen S.
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M.
Rosol, Thomas J.
Davidsen, Jeanne M.
Harman, Christie L.
Murray, Ian J.
Taylor, Sean, V
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2020, 145
[5] FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Eucalyptus oil and other cyclic ether-containing flavoring ingredients
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Cohen, Samuel M.
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Guengerich, F. Peter
Hecht, Stephen S.
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M.
Rosol, Thomas J.
Davidsen, Jeanne M.
Harman, Christie L.
Taylor, Sean, V
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2021, 155
[6] FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Lavender, Guaiac Coriander-derived and related flavoring ingredients
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Cohen, Samuel M.
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Gooderham, Nigel J.
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Lu, Vivian
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FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2020, 145
[7] FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Sage oil, Orris Root Extract and Tagetes Oil and related flavoring ingredients
Gooderham, Nigel J.
Cohen, Samuel M.
Eisenbrand, Gerhard
Fukushima, Shoji
Guengerich, F. Peter
Hecht, Stephen S.
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M.
Rosol, Thomas J.
Davidsen, Jeanne M.
Harman, Christie L.
Kelly, Shannen E.
V. Taylor, Sean
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2023, 179
[8] FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Mint, buchu, dill and caraway derived flavoring ingredients
Cohen, Samuel M.
Eisenbrand, Gerhard
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Hecht, Stephen S.
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M.
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Harman, Christie L.
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FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2020, 135
[9] FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Origanum oil, thyme oil and related phenol derivative-containing flavoring ingredients
Cohen, Samuel M.
Eisenbrand, Gerhard
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Gooderham, Nigel J.
Guengerich, F. Peter
Hecht, Stephen S.
Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M.
Rosol, Thomas J.
Davidsen, Jeanne M.
Harman, Christie L.
Lu, Vivian
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FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2021, 155
[10] Safety assessment of botanicals and botanical preparations used as ingredients in food supplements: Testing an European Food Safety Authority-tiered approach
Speijers, Gerrit
Bottex, Bernard
Dusemund, Birgit
Lugasi, Andrea
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Amberg-Mueller, Judith
Galli, Corrado L.
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MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH, 2010, 54 (02) : 175 - 185

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