From the periphery to the brain: Lipocalin-2, a friend or foe?

被引:141
作者
Ferreira, Ana C. [1 ,2 ]
Da Mesquita, Sandro [1 ,2 ]
Sousa, Joao C. [1 ,2 ]
Correia-Neves, Margarida [1 ,2 ]
Sousa, Nuno [1 ,2 ]
Palha, Joana A. [1 ,2 ]
Marques, Fernanda [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Minho, Sch Hlth Sci, Life & Hlth Sci Res Inst ICVS, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal
[2] ICVS 3Bs PT Govt Associate Lab, Braga, Portugal
关键词
Lipocalin-2; Astrocytes; Central nervous system; Multiple sclerosis; Alzheimer's disease; Iron; GELATINASE-ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN; NF-KAPPA-B; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INDUCED EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FAMILY; UP-REGULATION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; IRON-METABOLISM; GENE-EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.06.005
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that, by binding to iron-loaded siderophores, acts as a potent bacteriostatic agent in the iron-depletion strategy of the immune system to control pathogens. The recent identification of a mammalian siderophore also suggests a physiological role for LCN2 in iron homeostasis, specifically in iron delivery to cells via a transferrin-independent mechanism. LCN2 participates, as well, in a variety of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis, and has been mostly found up-regulated in various tissues and under inflammatory states, being its expression regulated by several inducers. In the central nervous system less is known about the processes involving LCN2, namely by which cells it is produced/secreted, and its impact on cell proliferation and death, or in neuronal plasticity and behaviour. Importantly, LCN2 recently emerged as a potential clinical biomarker in multiple sclerosis and in ageing-related cognitive decline. Still, there are conflicting views on the role of LCN2 in pathophysiological processes, with some studies pointing to its neurodeleterious effects, while others indicate neuroprotection. Herein, these various perspectives are reviewed and a comprehensive and cohesive view of the general function of LCN2, particularly in the brain, is provided. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:120 / 136
页数:17
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