Concentrations and Profiles of Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites (OH-PAHs) in Several Asian Countries

被引:165
作者
Guo, Ying [1 ,2 ]
Senthilkumar, Kurunthachalam [3 ]
Alomirah, Husam [4 ]
Moon, Hyo-Bang [5 ]
Tu Binh Minh [6 ]
Mohd, Mustafa Ali [7 ]
Nakata, Haruhiko [8 ]
Kannan, Kurunthachalam [1 ,2 ,9 ]
机构
[1] SUNY Albany, Wadsworth Ctr, New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12201 USA
[2] SUNY Albany, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Albany, NY 12201 USA
[3] Savannah State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Savannah, GA 31404 USA
[4] Kuwait Inst Sci Res, Dept Biotechnol, Safat 13109, Kuwait
[5] Hanyang Univ, Dept Marine Sci & Convergence Technol, Coll Sci & Technol, Ansan 426791, South Korea
[6] Vietnam Environm Adm, UNIDO BAT BEP Project Off, Pollut Control Dept, Hanoi, Vietnam
[7] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
[8] Kumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Kumamoto 8608555, Japan
[9] Harbin Inst Technol, Int Joint Res Ctr Persistent Tox Subst, State Key Lab Urban Water Resource & Environm, Harbin 150090, Peoples R China
关键词
US POPULATION; 1-HYDROXYPYRENE CONCENTRATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; HUMAN EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; 2-NAPHTHOL; BIOMARKER; CHINA; ASSOCIATION;
D O I
10.1021/es3052262
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Concentrations of 12 hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) were determined in 306 urine samples collected from seven Asian countries (China, India, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, Malaysia, and Vietnam) by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The total concentrations of OH-PAHs found in the seven Asian countries were in the following increasing order: Malaysia (median: 2260 pg/mL) < Japan (4030 pg/mL) < China (5770 pg/mL) < India (6750 pg/mL) < Vietnam (8560 pg/mL) < Korea (9340 pg/mL) < Kuwait (10 170 pg/mL). The measured urinary concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR) in samples from Malaysia, Korea, and Japan (similar to 100 pg/mL) were similar to those reported for North America and Western Europe. The concentrations of 1-PYR in urine samples from China, India, and Vietnam were 4-10 times higher than those reported for other countries, thus far. Among the 12 OH-PAH compounds analyzed, hydroxynaphthalene (NAP: sum of 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 2-hydroxynaphthalene) was the dominant compound (accounting for 60-90% of total OH-PAHs), followed by hydroxyphenanthrene (PHEN: sum of 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, 3-hydroxyphenanthrene, 4-hydroxyphenanthrene, and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene [3-1696]), 2-hydroxyfluorene (3-20%), and 1-PYR (2-8%). The total daily intakes (DIs) of PAHs were estimated based on the urinary concentrations of their metabolites. The DIs of naphthalene were found to be higher for populations in Korea, Kuwait, and Vietnam (> 10 mu g/day) than those of the other countries studied (similar to 5 mu g/day). The DIs of phenanthrene and pyrene (> 10 mu g/day) in the populations of China, India, and Vietnam were higher than those estimated for the populations in the other countries studied (similar to 5 mu g/day).
引用
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页码:2932 / 2938
页数:7
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