An Implementation Science Framework for Conceptualizing and Operationalizing Fidelity in Early Childhood Intervention Studies

An implementation science framework is used to differentiate between two types of practices (implementation and intervention) and to describe how the fidelity of the two practices are related and would be expected to influence outcomes of interest. The two practices are the methods and procedures used by implementation agents (e. g., a coach) to promote adoption of early childhood intervention practices and the methods and procedures used by intervention agents (e. g., early childhood practitioners) to influence changes or improvements in individual or group outcomes. Data from a study using an evidence-based adult learning practice to promote Head Start staff use of an evidence-based naturalistic instructional practice are used to illustrate the applicability of the fidelity framework.