Influence of monofunctional reactants on the physical properties of dimer acid-based polyamides

Dimer acid-based polyamides were synthesized by condensation polymerization in the absence and presence of monofunctional reactants. Acetic acid, oleic acid and propyl amine were used as monofunctional reactants. The influences of the equivalent percentage (E%) and type of monofunctional reactant on the physical properties of dimer acid-based polyamides such as glass transition temperature (T-g), melting point (T-m), heat of fusion (Delta H), degree of polymerization (DP), number average molecular weight (M-n), and kinematic viscosity were investigated. The molecular weight and viscosity of dimer acid-based polyamides decreased with the increase in equivalent percentage of monofunctional reactant. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies showed that acetic acid and propyl amine had higher effect on the thermal properties of polyamides than that of oleic acid. In the case of polyamides prepared in the presence of acetic acid, the values of T-g, T-m, and Delta H of the polyamides increased remarkably with the increase in acetic acid content. On the contrary, propyl amine had a decreasing effect on the values of T-g, T-m, and Delta H of the polyamides. Incorporation of oleic acid into the polymer structure had no significant effect on the values of T-g and T-m of the dimer acid-based polyamides. Copyright (C) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.