Two new guaianolides, 8 alpha-hydroxy-11 alpha,13-dihydroglucozaluzanin C and 11 alpha,13-dihydroglucozaluzanin C, were isolated from Ainsliaea fragrans, along with two known guaianolides, 8 alpha-hydroxy-11 alpha,13-dihydrozaluzanin C and gluco,zaluzanin C. The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously established by HR-ESI-MS, one-dimensional (1D) (DEPT), two-dimensional (2D) (H-1-H-1 COSY, HSQC, HMBC, ROESY) NMR experiments and by comparison with structurally related compounds. The known compounds were identified by comparison of spectral data with published references. Some NMR data of the known compounds were reported for the first time. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.