Sensory hypersensitivity in Tourette syndrome: A review

被引:27
作者
Isaacs, David [1 ]
Riordan, Heather [2 ]
机构
[1] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Div Movement Disorders, A-0118 Med Ctr North, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
[2] Vanderbilt Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Div Child Neurol, Nashville, TN USA
关键词
Tourette syndrome; Hypersensitivity; Sensory gating; Pre-pulse inhibition (PPI); Event-related potentials (ERP); Tics; Premonitory urges; EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE SYMPTOMS; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; CONTINGENT NEGATIVE-VARIATION; PREPULSE INHIBITION; PREMONITORY URGES; EVOKED-POTENTIALS; ADULT PATIENTS; BASAL GANGLIA; CHILDREN;
D O I
10.1016/j.braindev.2020.06.003
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by tics, but most patients also experience bothersome sensory phenomena, in the form of premonitory urges and/or sensory hypersensitivity. Whereas premonitory urges are temporally paired with tics, sensory hypersensitivity is a constant, heightened awareness of external and/or internal stimuli. The intensity of sensory hypersensitivity does not strongly correlate with the severity of tics or premonitory urges, suggesting it is a dissociable clinical phenomenon. At least 80% of TS patients report subjectively enhanced perception of various sensory stimuli. These same patients demonstrate normal static detection thresholds. However, individuals with TS habituate abnormally to repetitive stimuli, indicating incapacity to appropriately filter redundant sensory input, i.e. impaired sensory gating. Physiologic support for this hypothesis is provided by abnormal pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) and event-related potential (ERP) investigations. Preclinical data implicates parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneuron dysfunction in altered sensory gating in TS and other neurodevelopment disorders. Studies probing TS sensory hypersensitivity must methodically account for comorbid psychiatric conditions, namely obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as these entities appear to involve pathophysiologic processes shared with TS. The presence of psychiatric comorbidities in TS is associated with even more profound sensory processing dysfunction. A deepened understanding of TS sensory hypersensitivity will afford novel insights into disease mechanisms, clinical phenotype, and therapeutic management. (C) 2020 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:627 / 638
页数:12
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