Experimental investigation of air flow and temperature distribution in deep urban canyons for natural ventilation purposes

Detailed experiments have been carried out in a deep canyon in Athens during the summer period. The aim of the experimental campaign was first to evaluate the potential of natural ventilation in the urban environment and second to better understand the air flow and thermal phenomena in deep urban canyons. Extensive measurements of the surface and air temperature as well as the wind speed in the middle and close to the canyon facades have been measured in a continuous basis. In parallel, the undisturbed temperature, wind speed and direction above the canyon have been measured as well. Measurements of the airflow rate in single side and cross ventilation configurations have been carried out using tracer gas techniques, in a naturally ventilated building located in the canyon. It is found that the potential of natural ventilation for both single side and cross ventilation configurations in buildings located inside urban canyons, is seriously reduced. It is estimated, that in the specific canyon, the airflow rate for single side and cross ventilation configurations, is reduced by 82 and 68%, respectively compared to an undisturbed location. The mechanism of the air flow and temperature distribution inside the canyon is extensively analysed and the specific phenomena that determine the wind speed and direction inside the canyon are described in details. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.