Are the peridotitic xenoliths entrained in Late Mesozoic intermediate-mafic intrusive complexes on the North China Craton the direct samples of lithospheric mantle?

Late Mesozoic intermediate-mafic intrusive complexes on the eastern North China Craton (such as Tietonggou complex in Laiwu region of Shandong province; Jingling-Hutian complex in Weifang region of Shandong province; Fushan complex in Hanxing region of Hebei province) often contain peridotitic xenoliths. The origin and petrogenesis for these peridotites remain controversial, of which two opinions: accumulative origin/representative of old oceanic ophiolite or direct samples from lithospheric mantle are prevalent. This paper, on the basis of the results from the study on the peridotitic xenoliths entrained in Jingling-Hutian intrusive complex in Weifang region of Shandong province and compilation and re-recognition of previously-published data realized that these peridotitic xenoliths were all accumulative origin or represent ancient oceanic ophiolites, rather than direct samples from the lithospheric mantle through careful petrological, mineralogical and geochemical studies. Therefore, these peridotitic xenoliths cannot be used to probe the compositional features of the Late Mesozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the North China craton.