Anti-inflammatory effects of insulin regular and flunixin meglumine on endotoxemia experimentally induced by Escherichia coli serotype O55:B5 in an ovine model

Endotoxemia is a major cause of mortality in large animals and there are several therapeutic regimens for the treatment of endotoxemia. Recent studies have suggested the anti-inflammatory effects of insulin in endotoxemic human and laboratory animal models but to the best of our knowledge there is no report on the possible therapeutic effect of insulin in large animal endotoxemia. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of insulin regular compared with flunixin meglumine on the treatment of endotoxemia in sheep. Lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli was administered intravenously to ewes. Anti-inflammatory effects of flunixin meglumine (at 2.2 mg/kg) and insulin regular (at 1.5 and 3 IU/kg) were evaluated by determination of serum concentrations of acute phase proteins, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers. Insulin regular at 3 IU/kg controlled the acute phase response following endotoxemia induction. The anti-inflammatory potency of insulin regular at 3 IU/kg was significantly higher than at 1.5 IU/kg and of flunixin meglumine at 2.2 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Insulin regular induces its anti-inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent manner. Intravenous use of insulin regular can be a potential new therapeutic regimen for endotoxemia in large animal medicine.