Cardiopulmonary interactions in acute lung injury

Purpose of review Through shared anatomy, pressures, and endothelial connections, the respiratory and cardiovascular systems affect each other in complex but clinically important ways. Recent findings Lung injury has clinically important circulatory effects, especially with regards to right ventricular function. Mechanical ventilation and PEEP produce a host of circulatory consequences, some beneficial, some life-threatening. At the same time, circulatory impairments and treatments can magnify the impact of lung failure. Summary Cardiopulmonary interactions underpin current views of fluid management and mechanical ventilation. Understanding cardiopulmonary interactions and their physiological basis has direct clinical relevance.