Assessment of independent variables of periodontal disease among selected South Indian population

Periodontal diseases are chronic diseases that affect the surrounding tissues of the teeth and the alveolar bone. As the disease progresses, it can lead to tooth loss. Several risk factors may increase the risk of periodontal disease. The objective of the study was to assess the independent variables of periodontal disease among the few of the Southern population of India. The current study was done on 155 patients who visited Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. Data of demographic details (age, gender, educational status) and periodontal status (clinically healthy gingiva, gingivitis, and periodontitis) were recorded. The demographic and the periodontal parameters were associated using Chi-square test (SPSS Software, Version 23.0). 20-30-year-old patients were mostly affected with gingivitis (25.8%) and 51-60-year-old patients were affected with periodontitis (22.58%). This showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). More males were affected with periodontal diseases than females and were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Periodontitis was more common among illiterates (26.45%) and was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The study shows that periodontitis was predominantly seen among males of 51-60 years of age and illiterates. The results of the study reveal a positive association between age, gender, and educational status of patients with their periodontal health.