Maternal deaths in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: perceptions of quality of care and preventability

Objective. To analyze maternal deaths in Belo Horizonte from 2003 to 2010 based on the perception of family members of women who died from pregnancy-related causes. Methods. Maternal deaths were researched at the City of Belo Horizonte Department of Health's Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Death Prevention Committee. Family members of deceased women were recruited by telephone or personally. Sample size was not pre-defined; rather, a saturation criterion was employed. Nevertheless, an attempt was made to include families of women who received both public and private health care. The interviews focused on health history prior to the pregnancy; clinical history in the period from the start of pre-natal care until death; care received by the deceased women before, during and after delivery. After transcription and analysis of all interviews, the NVivo 9 qualitative analysis software was used to categorize and code the interviews. Results. The family members of 11 women were interviewed. The victims were between 16 and 40 years old, died of various causes, and had various occupations. Most were in their first or second pregnancy, and most relied on public health care. Seven women had between 8 and 11 years of schooling, and seven were single. Ten women were white or brown. All the family members interviewed were female, with age ranging from 18 to 66 years. Most were the mothers of the deceased women, had little schooling, were married and worked in the home. The interviewees reported difficulties with the care received during the pregnancy, with little attention paid to the clinical status of the pregnant women. Nine deaths occurred after the delivery. Conclusions. According to the reports of family members, the maternal deaths recorded in Belo Horizonte between 2003 and 2010 were associated with issues that were possibly preventable, relating to the reproductive rights of women, to pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal care.