In this paper, The authors briefly Analyzed the process parameters on the effect of quartz nano-powder preparation. used orthogonal experiment to study the test method of quartz nano-powders prepared by ball milling, applicated artificial neural network technology to build a prediction model of powder parameters based on BP network and optimized the BP network weights and improved the prediction model of quartz particle size based on BP network by using the global search capability of genetic algorithm. This study showed that the model has higher accuracy and realize acceptable prediction of powder particle size.