MicroRNA Roles in the Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway in Cancer

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) is a pluripotent and crucial dimer transcription factor that orchestrates various physiological and pathological processes, especially cell proliferation, inflammation, and cancer development and progression. NF-kappa B expression is transient and tightly regulated in normal cells, but it is activated in cancer cells. Recently, numerous studies have demonstrated microRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and NF-kappa B-associated immune responses, radioresistance and drug resistance of cancer, some acting as inhibitors and the others as activators. Although it is still in infancy, targeting NF-kappa B or the NF-kappa B signaling pathway by miRNAs is becoming a promising strategy of cancer treatment.