Selected effective methods of increasing the durability of forging tools in hot forging processes

The paper presents the possibilities of applying selected methods and techniques which increase the forging tool durability. Currently, the most popular of them include: the choice of the tool material for a given process or operation, its heat and thermo-chemical treatment, the surface engineering techniques (nitriding, hybrid layers, etc.). It is also important to select the appropriate technological conditions (e.g. related to the determination of the optimal temperatures, application of the cooling-lubricant method as well the method of its administration), or construction and technological solutions, as well as control and measurement systems, which can be the systems for supervising the work of the tools. The application of the proposed methods realized in cooperation with the forging industry exhibits the highest effectiveness in improving the durability of forging tools as well as resolving many problems related to the quality and properties of the forgings. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.