Assessment of backgrounds of the ANAIS experiment for dark matter direct detection

被引:38
作者
Amare, J. [1 ,2 ]
Cebrian, S. [1 ,2 ]
Cuesta, C. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Garcia, E. [1 ,2 ]
Martinez, M. [1 ,2 ,4 ]
Olivan, M. A. [1 ,2 ]
Ortigoza, Y. [1 ,2 ]
Ortiz de Solorzano, A. [1 ,2 ]
Puimedon, J. [1 ,2 ]
Sarsa, M. L. [1 ,2 ]
Villar, J. A. [1 ,2 ]
Villar, P. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Zaragoza, Lab Fis Nucl & Astroparticulas, Calle Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
[2] Canfranc Estn, Lab Subterraneo Canfranc, Paseo Ayerbe S-N, Huesca 22880, Spain
[3] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[4] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
来源
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C | 2016年 / 76卷 / 08期
关键词
RADIOACTIVITY BACKGROUNDS; ANNUAL MODULATION; ANOMALOUS PULSES; NAI(TL); SCINTILLATION; SIMULATION; SEARCH; LIMITS; MODEL;
D O I
10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4279-2
中图分类号
O412 [相对论、场论]; O572.2 [粒子物理学];
学科分类号
摘要
A large effort has been carried out to characterize the background of sodium iodide crystals within the Annual modulation with NaI Scintillators (ANAIS) project. In this paper, the background models developed for three 12.5 kg NaI(Tl) scintillators produced by Alpha Spectra Inc. and operated at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory are presented together with an evaluation of the background prospects for the full experiment. Measured spectra from threshold to high energy in different conditions are well described by the models based on quantified activities. At the region of interest, crystal bulk contamination is the dominant background source. Contributions from Pb-210, K-40, Na-22 and H-3 are the most relevant. Those from K-40 and Na-22 could be efficiently suppressed thanks to anticoincidence operation in a crystals matrix or inside a liquid scintillator veto (LSV), while that from Pb-210 has been reduced by improving crystal production methods and H-3 production could be reduced by shielding against cosmic rays during production. Assuming the activities of the last characterized detector, for nine crystals with a total mass of 112.5 kg the expected background rate is 2.5 counts/(keV kg day) in the region from 1 to 4 keV, which could be reduced at 1.4 counts/(keV kg day) by using a LSV.
引用
收藏
页数:15
相关论文
共 51 条
[1]   Understanding internal backgrounds in NaI(Tl) crystals toward a 200 kg array for the KIMS-NaI experiment [J].
Adhikari, P. ;
Adhikari, G. ;
Choi, S. ;
Ha, C. ;
Hahn, I. S. ;
Jeon, E. J. ;
Joo, H. W. ;
Kang, W. G. ;
Kim, H. J. ;
Kim, H. O. ;
Kim, K. W. ;
Kim, N. Y. ;
Kim, S. K. ;
Kim, Y. D. ;
Kim, Y. H. ;
Lee, H. S. ;
Lee, J. H. ;
Lee, M. H. ;
Leonard, D. S. ;
Li, J. ;
Oh, S. Y. ;
Olsen, S. L. ;
Park, H. K. ;
Park, H. S. ;
Park, K. S. ;
So, J. H. ;
Yoon, Y. S. .
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C, 2016, 76 (04)
[2]   New Results from the Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles with the CDMS Low Ionization Threshold Experiment [J].
Agnese, R. ;
Anderson, A. J. ;
Aramaki, T. ;
Asai, M. ;
Baker, W. ;
Balakishiyeva, D. ;
Barker, D. ;
Thakur, R. Basu ;
Bauer, D. A. ;
Billard, J. ;
Borgland, A. ;
Bowles, M. A. ;
Brink, P. L. ;
Bunker, R. ;
Cabrera, B. ;
Caldwell, D. O. ;
Calkins, R. ;
Cerdeno, D. G. ;
Chagani, H. ;
Chen, Y. ;
Cooley, J. ;
Cornell, B. ;
Cushman, P. ;
Daal, M. ;
Di Stefano, P. C. F. ;
Doughty, T. ;
Esteban, L. ;
Fallows, S. ;
Figueroa-Feliciano, E. ;
Ghaith, M. ;
Godfrey, G. L. ;
Golwala, S. R. ;
Hall, J. ;
Harris, H. R. ;
Hofer, T. ;
Holmgren, D. ;
Hsu, L. ;
Huber, M. E. ;
Jardin, D. ;
Jastram, A. ;
Kamaev, O. ;
Kara, B. ;
Kelsey, M. H. ;
Kennedy, A. ;
Leder, A. ;
Loer, B. ;
Lopez Asamar, E. ;
Lukens, P. ;
Mahapatra, R. ;
Mandic, V. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2016, 116 (07)
[3]   GEANT4-a simulation toolkit [J].
Agostinelli, S ;
Allison, J ;
Amako, K ;
Apostolakis, J ;
Araujo, H ;
Arce, P ;
Asai, M ;
Axen, D ;
Banerjee, S ;
Barrand, G ;
Behner, F ;
Bellagamba, L ;
Boudreau, J ;
Broglia, L ;
Brunengo, A ;
Burkhardt, H ;
Chauvie, S ;
Chuma, J ;
Chytracek, R ;
Cooperman, G ;
Cosmo, G ;
Degtyarenko, P ;
Dell'Acqua, A ;
Depaola, G ;
Dietrich, D ;
Enami, R ;
Feliciello, A ;
Ferguson, C ;
Fesefeldt, H ;
Folger, G ;
Foppiano, F ;
Forti, A ;
Garelli, S ;
Giani, S ;
Giannitrapani, R ;
Gibin, D ;
Cadenas, JJG ;
González, I ;
Abril, GG ;
Greeniaus, G ;
Greiner, W ;
Grichine, V ;
Grossheim, A ;
Guatelli, S ;
Gumplinger, P ;
Hamatsu, R ;
Hashimoto, K ;
Hasui, H ;
Heikkinen, A ;
Howard, A .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2003, 506 (03) :250-303
[4]  
Agostini M, 2014, EUR PHYS J C, V74, DOI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2764-z
[5]   Radiogenic and muon-induced backgrounds in the LUX dark matter detector [J].
Akerib, D. S. ;
Araujo, H. M. ;
Bai, X. ;
Bailey, A. J. ;
Balajthy, J. ;
Bernard, E. ;
Bernstein, A. ;
Bradley, A. ;
Byram, D. ;
Cahn, S. B. ;
Carmona-Benitez, M. C. ;
Chan, C. ;
Chapman, J. J. ;
Chiller, A. A. ;
Chiller, C. ;
Coffey, T. ;
Currie, A. ;
de Viveiros, L. ;
Dobi, A. ;
Dobson, J. ;
Druszkiewicz, E. ;
Edwards, B. ;
Faham, C. H. ;
Fiorucci, S. ;
Flores, C. ;
Gaitskell, R. J. ;
Gehman, V. M. ;
Ghagi, C. ;
Gibson, K. R. ;
Gilchriese, M. G. D. ;
Hall, C. ;
Hertel, S. A. ;
Horn, M. ;
Huang, D. Q. ;
Ihm, M. ;
Jacobsen, R. G. ;
Kazkaz, K. ;
Knoche, R. ;
Larsen, N. A. ;
Lee, C. ;
Lindote, A. ;
Lopes, M. I. ;
Malling, D. C. ;
Mannino, R. ;
McKinsey, D. N. ;
Mei, D. -M. ;
Mock, J. ;
Moongweluwan, M. ;
Morad, J. ;
Murphy, A. Std. .
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2015, 62 :33-46
[6]   First Results from the LUX Dark Matter Experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility [J].
Akerib, D. S. ;
Araujo, H. M. ;
Bai, X. ;
Bailey, A. J. ;
Balajthy, J. ;
Bedikian, S. ;
Bernard, E. ;
Bernstein, A. ;
Bolozdynya, A. ;
Bradley, A. ;
Byram, D. ;
Cahn, S. B. ;
Carmona-Benitez, M. C. ;
Chan, C. ;
Chapman, J. J. ;
Chiller, A. A. ;
Chiller, C. ;
Clark, K. ;
Coffey, T. ;
Currie, A. ;
Curioni, A. ;
Dazeley, S. ;
de Viveiros, L. ;
Dobi, A. ;
Dobson, J. ;
Dragowsky, E. M. ;
Druszkiewicz, E. ;
Edwards, B. ;
Faham, C. H. ;
Fiorucci, S. ;
Flores, C. ;
Gaitskell, R. J. ;
Gehman, V. M. ;
Ghag, C. ;
Gibson, K. R. ;
Gilchriese, M. G. D. ;
Hall, C. ;
Hanhardt, M. ;
Hertel, S. A. ;
Horn, M. ;
Huang, D. Q. ;
Ihm, M. ;
Jacobsen, R. G. ;
Kastens, L. ;
Kazkaz, K. ;
Knoche, R. ;
Kyre, S. ;
Lander, R. ;
Larsen, N. A. ;
Lee, C. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2014, 112 (09)
[7]   Investigation of radioactivity-induced backgrounds in EXO-200 [J].
Albert, J. B. ;
Auty, D. J. ;
Barbeau, P. S. ;
Beck, D. ;
Belov, V. ;
Benitez-Medina, C. ;
Breidenbach, M. ;
Brunner, T. ;
Burenkov, A. ;
Cao, G. F. ;
Chambers, C. ;
Cleveland, B. ;
Coon, M. ;
Craycraft, A. ;
Daniels, T. ;
Danilov, M. ;
Daugherty, S. J. ;
Davis, C. G. ;
Davis, J. ;
Delaquis, S. ;
Mesrobian-Kabakian, A. Der ;
DeVoe, R. ;
Didberidze, T. ;
Dolgolenko, A. ;
Dolinski, M. J. ;
Dunford, M. ;
Fairbank, W., Jr. ;
Farine, J. ;
Feldmeier, W. ;
Fierlinger, P. ;
Fudenberg, D. ;
Giroux, G. ;
Gornea, R. ;
Graham, K. ;
Gratta, G. ;
Hall, C. ;
Herrin, S. ;
Hughes, M. ;
Jewell, M. J. ;
Jiang, X. S. ;
Johnson, A. ;
Johnson, T. N. ;
Johnston, S. ;
Karelin, A. ;
Kaufman, L. J. ;
Killick, R. ;
Koffas, T. ;
Kravitz, S. ;
Kuchenkov, A. ;
Kumar, K. S. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW C, 2015, 92 (01)
[8]   Limits on WIMP cross-sections from the NAIAD experiment at the boulby underground laboratory [J].
Alner, GJ ;
Araújo, HM ;
Arnison, GJ ;
Barton, JC ;
Bewick, A ;
Bungau, C ;
Camanzi, B ;
Carson, MJ ;
Davidge, D ;
Davies, GJ ;
Davies, JC ;
Daw, E ;
Dawson, JV ;
Duffy, C ;
Durkin, TJ ;
Gamble, T ;
Hart, SP ;
Hollingworth, R ;
Homer, GJ ;
Howard, AS ;
Ivaniouchenkov, I ;
Jones, WG ;
Joshi, MK ;
Kirkpatrick, J ;
Kudryavtsev, VA ;
Lawson, TB ;
Lebedenko, V ;
Lehner, MJ ;
Lewin, JD ;
Lightfoot, PK ;
Liubarsky, I ;
Lüscher, R ;
McMillan, JE ;
Morgan, B ;
Murphy, A ;
Nicklin, G ;
Nickolls, A ;
Paling, SM ;
Preece, RM ;
Quenby, JJ ;
Roberts, JW ;
Robinson, M ;
Smith, NJT ;
Smith, PF ;
Spooner, NJC ;
Sumner, TJ ;
Tovey, DR ;
Tziaferi, E .
PHYSICS LETTERS B, 2005, 616 (1-2) :17-24
[9]   Radiopurity control in the NEXT-100 double beta decay experiment: procedures and initial measurements [J].
Alvarez, V. ;
Bandac, I. ;
Bettini, A. ;
Borges, F. I. G. M. ;
Carcel, S. ;
Castel, J. ;
Cebrian, S. ;
Cervera, A. ;
Conde, C. A. N. ;
Dafni, T. ;
Dias, T. H. V. T. ;
Diaz, J. ;
Egorov, M. ;
Esteve, R. ;
Evtoukhovitch, P. ;
Fernandes, L. M. P. ;
Ferrario, P. ;
Ferreira, A. L. ;
Freitas, E. D. C. ;
Gehman, V. M. ;
Gil, A. ;
Goldschmidt, A. ;
Gomez, H. ;
Gomez-Cadenas, J. J. ;
Gonzalez-Diaz, D. ;
Gutierrez, R. M. ;
Hauptman, J. ;
Hernando Morata, J. A. ;
Herrera, D. C. ;
Iguaz, F. J. ;
Irastorza, I. G. ;
Jinete, M. A. ;
Labarga, L. ;
Laing, A. ;
Liubarsky, I. ;
Lopes, J. A. M. ;
Lorca, D. ;
Losada, M. ;
Luzon, G. ;
Mari, A. ;
Martin-Albo, J. ;
Martinez, A. ;
Miller, T. ;
Moiseenko, A. ;
Monrabal, F. ;
Monteiro, C. M. B. ;
Mora, F. J. ;
Moutinho, L. M. ;
Munoz Vidal, J. ;
da Luz, H. Natal .
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION, 2013, 8
[10]   Status of the ANAIS Dark Matter Project at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory [J].
Amare, J. ;
Cebrian, S. ;
Cuesta, C. ;
Garcia, E. ;
Martinez, M. ;
Olivan, M. A. ;
Ortigoza, Y. ;
Ortiz de Solorzano, A. ;
Pobes, C. ;
Puimedon, J. ;
Sarsa, M. L. ;
Villar, J. A. ;
Villar, P. .
XIV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TOPICS IN ASTROPARTICLE AND UNDERGROUND PHYSICS (TAUP 2015), PTS 1-7, 2016, 718