Inertia response from full-power converter-based permanent magnet wind generators

With a high penetration of wind turbines, the proportion of synchronous generation in the power system will be reduced at times, thus creating operating difficulties especially during frequency events. Therefore, it is anticipated that many grid operators will demand inertia response from wind turbines. In this article, different ways for emulating inertia response in full-rated power converter-based wind turbines equipped with permanent magnet synchronous generators are considered. Supplementary control signals are added to the controller of the wind turbine to extract stored energy from the rotating mass and DC-link capacitors. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink show that the inertia response is improved by adding a term proportional to the rate of change of frequency and by extracting the stored energy in the DC-link capacitors.