Clinical outcome of gallstone ileus; a single-centre experience of case series and review of the literature

Background Gallstone ileus (GI) is a rare entity which is seen in 0.5% of patients with cholelithiasis. In this study, we aimed to share our clinical approach to GI, to present our long-term results and to draw clinicians' attention to this rare entity. Materials and methods This study included 11 patients with GI whose medical records were evaluated retrospectively. Results Majority of the 11 patients were female (63.7%, n:7) and the mean age was 71.9 +/- 14.10 (range: 50-91). Most common presenting complaints were vomiting (n: 9) and abdominal pain (n: 9). The mean interval from the onset of symptoms to the hospital admission was 3.8 +/- 0.75 (range 3-5) days. Rigler triad in abdominal computed tomography (CT) was detected in all cases. Enterolithotomy, one-step procedure and conservative treatment were performed in five (45.4%), four (36.3%) and two (18.1%) patients, respectively. Enterolithotomy group was found to have higher risk according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, shorter operation time and less intraoperative blood loss. Conclusion Although enterolithotomy is the first choice for patients with GI, one-step procedure should be kept in mind as a more advantageous technique in low-risk patients.