Bottom-up Growth of Hierarchical Electrodes for Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

被引:7
作者
Lee, Youngshin [1 ]
Cho, Chang-Yeol [1 ]
Ha, Su-Jin [1 ]
Kim, Hye-Na [1 ]
Moon, Jun Hyuk [1 ]
机构
[1] Sogang Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Seoul 121742, South Korea
关键词
hierarchical structures; solution deposition; TiO2; macroporous; recombination lifetime; dye-sensitized solar cells; TIO2 NANOTUBE ARRAYS; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; TRANSPORT; ANATASE; RUTILE; MORPHOLOGY; COST;
D O I
10.1021/am300664x
中图分类号
TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要
The nonconventional bottom-up growth of TiO2 was first demonstrated in the preparation of hierarchical TiO2 electrodes for use in highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. The simple immersion of a substrate in a precursor solution enabled the growth of TiO2 particulate films. Here, we have implemented a hierarchical growth strategy in which two stages of controlled growth yielded first macroscale TiO2 particles, followed by mesoscale TiO2 particles. We successfully fabricated electrode films up to 20 mu m thick via a growth rate of 0.3 mu m/min. The specific area of the electrodes was controlled via the deposition of mesoscale TiO2 particles. The deposited particles displayed a rutile phase with an average size of several tens of nanorneters in diameter, as confirmed by XRD and high-resolution TEM imaging. After depositing the second layer of mesoscale TiO2 particles, the photocurrent density increased by a factor of 3. A maximum efficiency of 6.84% was obtained for the hierarchically structured TiO2 electrodes under 1 sun illumination. The hierarchical TiO2 electrodes were compared with macroporous TiO2 electrodes, revealing that the higher photocurrent density could be attributed to a longer electron recombination lifetime and a high specific area The longer recombination lifetime was supported by the presence of fewer defective TiO2 surfaces, as confirmed by the XPS spectrum.
引用
收藏
页码:3589 / 3595
页数:7
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