Duplication of the extrahepatic bile duct A case report and review of the literatures

Rationale: Duplication of the extrahepatic bile duct is an extremely rare congenital anomaly of the biliary system. Patient concerns: A 44-year-old woman presented with a history of continuous upper abdominal pain and vomiting. Diagnoses: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) disclosed diffuse dilatation of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed the presence of two extrahepatic bile ducts with calculus at the distal end of the CBD. Interventions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) was performed after an ERCP. Choledochoscopy, performed during the operation, showed duplicated common bile duct and the cystic duct was seen opening at the right side of the extrahepatic duct. Outcomes: The patient was doing well after 6 months of follow-up. Lessons: We reported a case of a double common duct with choledocholithiasis and gallstone. This rare anomaly may lead to cholangitis, common bile duct injury during surgery, malignancy occurrence, and should be treated with extreme care.