Compositional Differences of the Winter Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom, Flammulina velutipes (Agaricomycetes), under Three Types of Light Conditions

The focus of this study was to investigate the effect of light on the cultivation and the amounts of bio-active components in Flammulina velutipes. The mushrooms were cultivated under fluorescent tube (T8) grow lights, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and cold-cathode fluorescent lamps. The biological efficiency of the T8 lights was the highest, at 92%. The crude fat content, crude fiber content, polysaccharide content, and ergosterol content were highest under the LEDs, at 2.9 g/100 g, 7.9 g/100 g, 3.9 g/100 g, and 1.4 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, vitamin D-2 (1.9 mu g/g) was generated only under light from LEDs. Principal component analysis showed that F. velutipes cultivated under the 3 different lighting conditions showed different profiles for proximate composition, nutritional compounds, and principal fatty acids.