Sinonasal tract malignancies. A 14-year single institution experience

With a worldwide annual incident rate of 1/200,000 sinonasal tract malignancies are a relatively rare disease. All patients with sinonasal malignancies (n = 177) treated between 1996 and 2010 at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Bonn, Germany were analyzed retrospectively. Data on age, gender and incidence were available for all patients but other demographic data, treatment regimes and outcome were only analyzed for carcinomas. Carcinomas were the most frequent histological diagnosis (58%). Unspecific sinonasal symptoms lasted on average for 4.7 +/- 5 months before primary diagnosis. Interestingly, 64% of patients with sinonasal carcinoma presented with locally advanced disease (T3-4) but only 15% displayed corresponding regional lymph node metastases. The overall 3-year survival rate was 61%. Patients solely needing surgical treatment displayed a better survival rate than patients receiving combined surgery and adjuvant treatment or definitive radio(chemo)therapy. Multivariate analysis revealed a T-stage classification as the only independent prognostic factor for 3-year survival. Due to unspecific symptoms most sinonasal malignancies are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and despite multimodal therapies these tumors still have an unfavorable prognosis.