The addition of red lead to flat plate and tubular valve regulated miners cap lamp lead-acid batteries

被引:6
|
作者
Ferg, EE
Loyson, P
Poorun, A
机构
[1] Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ, Dept Chem, ZA-6031 Port Elizabeth, South Africa
[2] Willard Batteries, ZA-6000 Port Elizabeth, South Africa
关键词
lead-acid battery; valve regulated; miner's cap lamp battery; red lead;
D O I
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.04.029
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The study looked at the use of red lead in the manufacturing of valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) miners cap lamp (MCL) batteries that were made with either flat plate or tubular positive electrodes. A problem with using only grey oxide in the manufacture of thick flat plate or tubular electrodes is the poor conversion of the active material to the desired lead dioxide. The addition of red lead to the initial starting material improves the formation efficiency but is considerably more expensive thereby increasing the cost of manufacturing. The study showed that by carefully controlling the formation conditions in terms of the voltage and temperature of a battery, good capacity performance can be achieved for cells made with flat plate electrodes that contain up to 25% red lead. The small amount of red lead in the active cured material reduces the effect of electrode surface sulphate formation and allows the battery to achieve its rated capacity within the first few cycles. Batteries made with flat plate positive electrodes that contained more that 50% red lead showed good initial capacity but had poor structural active material bonding. The study showed that MCL batteries made with tubular positive electrodes that contained less than 75% red lead resulted in a poorly formed electrode with limited capacity utilization. Pickling and soaking times of the tubular electrodes should be kept at a minimum thereby allowing higher active material utilization during subsequent capacity cycling. The study further showed that it is beneficial to use higher formation rates in order to reduce manufacturing time and to improve the active material characteristics. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:428 / 439
页数:12
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [21] Lead-samarium alloys for positive grids of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Chen, H. Y.
    Li, S.
    Li, At
    Shu, D.
    Li, W. S.
    Dou, C. L.
    Wang, Q.
    Xiao, G. M.
    Peng, S. G.
    Chen, S.
    Zhang, W.
    Wang, H.
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2007, 168 (01) : 79 - 89
  • [22] Application of a novel gelled-electrolyte in valve-regulated lead-acid batteries with tubular positive plates
    Zheng Tang
    Jian-Ming Wang
    Xian-Xian Mao
    Quan-Qi Chen
    Chen Shen
    Jian-Qing Zhang
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007, 37 : 1163 - 1169
  • [23] Application of a novel gelled-electrolyte in valve-regulated lead-acid batteries with tubular positive plates
    Tang, Zheng
    Wang, Jian-Ming
    Mao, Xian-Xian
    Chen, Quan-Qi
    Shen, Chen
    Zhang, Jian-Qing
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007, 37 (10): : 1163 - 1169
  • [24] Application of a novel gelled-electrolyte in valve-regulated lead-acid batteries with tubular positive plates
    Tang, Zheng
    Wang, Jian-Ming
    Mao, Xian-Xian
    Chen, Quan-Qi
    Shen, Chen
    Zhang, Jian-Qing
    JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY, 2007, 37 (10) : 1163 - 1169
  • [25] Advanced valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for hybrid vehicle applications
    Soria, M. L.
    Trinidad, F.
    Lacadena, J. M.
    Sanchez, A.
    Valenciano, J.
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2007, 168 (01) : 12 - 21
  • [26] Spiral wound valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for hybrid vehicles
    Soria, M. L.
    Trinidad, F.
    Lacadena, J. M.
    Valenciano, J.
    Arce, G.
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2007, 174 (01) : 41 - 48
  • [27] Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for stop-and-go applications
    May, GJ
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2004, 133 (01) : 110 - 115
  • [28] Study of Degradation Prediction Technology for Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries
    Wakaki Hiroshi
    Uno Yusuke
    Susuki Nobuhiko
    Matsushita Takashi
    Matsumura Shoji
    2015 IEEE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENERGY CONFERENCE (INTELEC), 2015,
  • [29] High power valve regulated lead-acid batteries for new vehicle requirements
    Trinidad, F
    Sáez, F
    Valenciano, J
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2001, 95 (1-2) : 24 - 37
  • [30] Characterization of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for hybrid electric vehicles
    Coroban, V.
    Boldea, I.
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, VOL III: INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND CONTROL, 2006, : 101 - 106