The addition of red lead to flat plate and tubular valve regulated miners cap lamp lead-acid batteries

被引:6
|
作者
Ferg, EE
Loyson, P
Poorun, A
机构
[1] Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ, Dept Chem, ZA-6031 Port Elizabeth, South Africa
[2] Willard Batteries, ZA-6000 Port Elizabeth, South Africa
关键词
lead-acid battery; valve regulated; miner's cap lamp battery; red lead;
D O I
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.04.029
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The study looked at the use of red lead in the manufacturing of valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) miners cap lamp (MCL) batteries that were made with either flat plate or tubular positive electrodes. A problem with using only grey oxide in the manufacture of thick flat plate or tubular electrodes is the poor conversion of the active material to the desired lead dioxide. The addition of red lead to the initial starting material improves the formation efficiency but is considerably more expensive thereby increasing the cost of manufacturing. The study showed that by carefully controlling the formation conditions in terms of the voltage and temperature of a battery, good capacity performance can be achieved for cells made with flat plate electrodes that contain up to 25% red lead. The small amount of red lead in the active cured material reduces the effect of electrode surface sulphate formation and allows the battery to achieve its rated capacity within the first few cycles. Batteries made with flat plate positive electrodes that contained more that 50% red lead showed good initial capacity but had poor structural active material bonding. The study showed that MCL batteries made with tubular positive electrodes that contained less than 75% red lead resulted in a poorly formed electrode with limited capacity utilization. Pickling and soaking times of the tubular electrodes should be kept at a minimum thereby allowing higher active material utilization during subsequent capacity cycling. The study further showed that it is beneficial to use higher formation rates in order to reduce manufacturing time and to improve the active material characteristics. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:428 / 439
页数:12
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [1] Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Berndt, D
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2001, 95 (1-2) : 2 - 12
  • [2] Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Berndt, D
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2001, 100 (1-2) : 29 - 46
  • [3] A novel cureless pure lead oxide plate for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Wang, J
    Wang, GX
    Chen, Y
    Wang, CY
    Liu, HK
    JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY, 2004, 34 (11) : 1127 - 1133
  • [4] A novel cureless pure lead oxide plate for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    J. Wang
    G. X. Wang
    Y. Chen
    C. Y. Wang
    H. K. Liu
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2004, 34 : 1127 - 1133
  • [5] A novel cureless pure lead oxide plate for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Wang, G.X. (jiazhao@uow.edu.au), 1600, Kluwer Academic Publishers (34):
  • [6] Oxide for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Lam, LT
    Lim, OV
    Haigh, NP
    Rand, DAJ
    Manders, JE
    Rice, DM
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 1998, 73 (01) : 36 - 46
  • [7] Red lead: understanding red lead in lead-acid batteries
    McKinley, JP
    Dlaska, MK
    Batson, R
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2002, 107 (02) : 180 - 186
  • [8] Researches on current distribution and plate conductivity of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Huang, Tao
    Ou, Wenjun
    Feng, Bo
    Huang, Binbin
    Liu, Minyi
    Zhao, Wenchao
    Guo, Yonglang
    JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2012, 210 : 7 - 14
  • [9] Thermal runaway of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Hu, Junmei
    Guo, Yonglang
    Zhou, Xuechou
    JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY, 2006, 36 (10) : 1083 - 1089
  • [10] Thermal runaway of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries
    Junmei Hu
    Yonglang Guo
    Xuechou Zhou
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2006, 36 : 1083 - 1089