Economic Development Strategies and Communal Violence in Africa: The Cases of Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana

This article explores the relationship between economic development strategies and conflict outcomes in Africa, using a comparison of Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana. Findings suggest that development strategies that create contestation for resources along identity group lines, absent provisions for co-opting disenfranchised groups, increase the likelihood of communal violence, whereas development plans that transcend ascriptive social identities bear the greatest chance of generating long-term peace, irrespective of their short-term economic success. The author complements the comparative case study with evidence of intracase variation in Ghana and with original micro-level data collected in 2009.