New Guinea has the world's richest island flora

被引：143

作者：

Camara-Leret, Rodrigo ^{[1
,55
]}

Frodin, David G. ^{[1
]}

Adema, Frits ^{[2
]}

Anderson, Christiane ^{[3
]}

Appelhans, Marc S. ^{[4
]}

Argent, George ^{[5
]}

Guerrero, Susana Arias ^{[2
]}

Ashton, Peter ^{[1
]}

Baker, William J. ^{[1
]}

Barfod, Anders S. ^{[6
]}

Barrington, David ^{[7
]}

Borosova, Renata ^{[1
]}

Bramley, Gemma L. C. ^{[1
]}

Briggs, Marie ^{[1
]}

Buerki, Sven ^{[8
]}

Cahen, Daniel ^{[1
]}

Callmander, Martin W. ^{[9
]}

Cheek, Martin ^{[1
]}

Chen, Cheng-Wei

Conn, Barry J. ^{[10
]}

Coode, Mark J. E. ^{[1
]}

Darbyshire, Iain ^{[1
]}

Dawson, Sally ^{[1
]}

Dransfield, John ^{[1
]}

Drinkell, Clare ^{[1
]}

Duyfjes, Brigitta ^{[2
]}

Ebihara, Atsushi ^{[11
]}

Ezedin, Zacky ^{[12
,13
]}

Fu, Long-Fei ^{[14
]}

Gideon, Osia ^{[15
]}

Girmansyah, Deden ^{[16
]}

Govaerts, Rafael ^{[1
]}

Fortune-Hopkins, Helen ^{[1
]}

Hassemer, Gustavo ^{[17
]}

Hay, Alistair ^{[18
]}

Heatubun, Charlie D. ^{[1
,19
,20
]}

Hind, D. J. Nicholas ^{[1
]}

Hoch, Peter ^{[21
]}

Homot, Peter ^{[22
]}

Hovenkamp, Peter ^{[2
]}

Hughes, Mark ^{[5
]}

Jebb, Matthew ^{[23
]}

Jennings, Laura ^{[1
]}

Jimbo, Tiberius ^{[22
]}

Kessler, Michael ^{[24
]}

Kiew, Ruth ^{[25
]}

Knapp, Sandra ^{[26
]}

Lamei, Penniel ^{[22
]}

Lehnert, Marcus ^{[27
,28
]}

Lewis, Gwilym P. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Royal Bot Gardens, London, England

[2] Nat Biodivers Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands

[3] Univ Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, MI USA

[4] Univ Gottingen, Dept Systemat Biodivers & Evolut Plants, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, Gottingen, Germany

[5] Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland

[6] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Aarhus, Denmark

[7] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant Biol, Pringle Herbarium, Burlington, VT USA

[8] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Boise, ID 83725 USA

[9] Conservatoire & Jardin Bot Ville Geneve, Chambesy, Switzerland

[10] Univ Sydney, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[11] Natl Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Bot, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

[12] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA

[13] New Guinea Binatang Res Ctr, Madang, Papua N Guinea

[14] Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg & Chinese Acad Sci, Guangxi Key Lab Plant Conservat & Restorat Ecol K, Guangxi Inst Bot, Guilin, Peoples R China

[15] Papua New Guinea Univ Technol, Lae, Papua N Guinea

[16] Herbarium Bogoriense, Bogor, Indonesia

[17] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Tres Lagoas Campus, Tres Lagoas, Brazil

[18] Royal Bot Garden Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[19] Univ Papua, Fak Kehutanan, Manokwari, Indonesia

[20] Baden Penelitian & Pengembangan Daerah Prov Papua, Manokwari, Indonesia

[21] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO USA

[22] Papua New Guinea Forest Res Inst, Lae, Papua N Guinea

[23] Natl Bot Gardens Ireland, Glasnevin, Ireland

[24] Univ Zurich, Dept Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Zurich, Switzerland

[25] Forest Res Inst Malaysia, Kepong, Malaysia

[26] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London, England

[27] Univ Bonn, Nees Inst Biodivers Plants, Bonn, Germany

[28] Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol, Herbarium, Halle, Germany

[29] Natl Pk Board, Nat Plants Ctr, Singapore, Singapore

[30] Natl Pk Board, Singapore Bot Gardens, Singapore, Singapore

[31] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland

[32] Univ Philippines Manila, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Manila, Philippines

[33] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto Univ Museum, Kyoto, Japan

[34] Sao Paulo State Univ, Inst Biosci, Rio Claro, Brazil

[35] Royal Bot Gardens Victoria, South Yarra, Vic, Australia

[36] Univ Melbourne, Sch BioSci, Parkville, Vic, Australia

[37] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford, England

[38] Queens Univ Belfast, Marine Lab, Portaferry, North Ireland

[39] Fern Res Fdn, Kerikeri, New Zealand

[40] Univ N Carolina, Wilmington, NC USA

[41] Museum New Zealand Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand

[42] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA

[43] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA

[44] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Vegetal, Vicosa, MG, Brazil

[45] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

[46] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Nat Sci, Dept Bot, Dublin, Ireland

[47] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA

[48] CSIRO Land & Water, Floreat, WA, Australia

[49] Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Crawley, WA, Australia

[50] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Beijing, Peoples R China

来源：

NATURE | 2020年 / 584卷 / 7822期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 巴西圣保罗研究基金会; 中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

PLANT DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; CLASSIFICATION; HOTSPOTS; ENDEMISM;

D O I：

10.1038/s41586-020-2549-5

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

New Guinea is the world's largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for centuries(1,2). Home to some of the best-preserved ecosystems on the planet(3)and to intact ecological gradients-from mangroves to tropical alpine grasslands-that are unmatched in the Asia-Pacific region(4,5), it is a globally recognized centre of biological and cultural diversity(6,7). So far, however, there has been no attempt to critically catalogue the entire vascular plant diversity of New Guinea. Here we present the first, to our knowledge, expert-verified checklist of the vascular plants of mainland New Guinea and surrounding islands. Our publicly available checklist includes 13,634 species (68% endemic), 1,742 genera and 264 families-suggesting that New Guinea is the most floristically diverse island in the world. Expert knowledge is essential for building checklists in the digital era: reliance on online taxonomic resources alone would have inflated species counts by 22%. Species discovery shows no sign of levelling off, and we discuss steps to accelerate botanical research in the 'Last Unknown'(8). A catalogue of the vascular flora of New Guinea indicates that this island is the most floristically diverse in the world, and that 68% of the species identified are endemic to New Guinea.

引用

页码：579 / +

页数：13

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