Tumour diameter is a predictor of mesorectal and mesenteric lymph node metastases in anorectal melanoma

AimAnorectal melanoma is a rare neoplasm with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate what clinicopathological factors predict lymph node metastases and to investigate their association with survival. MethodPatients undergoing surgery with curative intent for primary anorectal melanoma in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between 1989 and 2011 were studied retrospectively. The associations between clinicopathological factors and lymph node metastases and prognosis were determined. ResultsForty-three patients underwent a potentially curative resection with a median follow-up of 20months; the 5-year overall survival rate was 29.6% with median overall survival of 28months. Tumour diameter >3cm was associated with mesorectal and mesenteric lymph node metastases (P=0.013). Perineural invasion (hazard ratio 5.683; 95% CI 1.978-16.328; P=0.001) was the only factor that independently predicted survival. ConclusionTumour diameter was associated with mesorectal and mesenteric lymph node metastases; therefore, wide local excision may not be appropriate for surgery with curative intent for patients with a tumour diameter 3cm. Perineural invasion was an important prognostic factor for anorectal melanoma.