Exercise Tolerance in Rats with Aortic Stenosis and Ventricular Diastolic and/or Systolic Dysfunction

Background: Physical stress tolerance (ST) is a measurement of cardiorespiratory fitness. Aerobic capacity is reduced in heart failure (HF) although there is no data available on this parameter in animals with ventricular dysfunction and no signs of HF. Objective: Evaluate ST in rats with ventricular diastolic dysfunction isolated or associated with systolic dysfunction induced by ascending aortic stenosis (AoS). Methods: Young male Wistar rats (20-30 days old), divided in: control group (CG, n=11) and AoSG group, (n=12). Animals were assessed at 6 and 18 weeks after AoS surgery. Treadmill exercise test was until exhaustion and evaluated treadmill speed and lactate concentration [LAC] at lactate threshold, treadmill speed and [LAC] at exhaustion, and total testing time. Results: Echocardiography data revealed remodeling of the left atrium and left ventricular concentric hypertrophy at 6 and 18 weeks. Endocardial fractional shortening was greater in AoSG than CG at 6 and 18 weeks. Midwall fractional shortening was greater in AoSG than in CG only 6 week. Cardiac index was similar in CG and AoSG at 6 and 18 weeks and decreased between from 6 to 18 weeks in both groups. The E wave to A wave ratio was greater in CG than in AoSG at both periods and did not change in both groups between week 6 and 18. Treadmill stress testing parameters were similar in both groups at 6 or 18 weeks. Conclusion: Although AoS promotes isolated diastolic dysfunction or associated with systolic dysfunction at 6 or 18 weeks, it is not sufficient to modify physical stress tolerance. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2013;100(1):44-51)