Geometric-Optical Model of Radio Wave Refraction in Multilayered Subsoil Media and Its Verification via GPR Experiments

This work is based on the theoretical and experimental examination of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) operation characteristics during real-time detection and identification of foreign objects burried into the subsoil media. A technical approch is proposed regarding the spatial diversity based on two receiving antennas ranged from the transmitter at the those distances that allow to estimate experimentally and theoretically the depth of the burried foreign object, its permittivity, as well as permittivities of the multilayered subsoil structures surrounded the baried object. This approach fully differs from the exiting canonical approaches and techniques that usually used transmitter and receiver antennas assembled together at the radar, and therefore, cannot exactly estimate parameters of the burried object. The created geometic-optical model of radio wave propagation through the multilayered subsoil structure containing inhomogeneous layers with different electrical parameters, permittivity, permeability and conductivity, accounting for refraction on layered structures and separately ranged receiving antennas, with respect to the transmitting one, gives precise prediction of the burried object depth, its electrical properties, and information on subsoil structures, comparing with actual expeiments carried out both in built-up areas and along the roads above the metopolitan underground routs.