A novel composite right-/left-handed coupled-line directional coupler with arbitrary coupling level and broad bandwidth

被引：402
作者：
Caloz, C [1 ]
Sanada, A
Itoh, T
机构：
[1] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[2] Yamaguchi Univ, Fac Engn, Yamaguchi, Japan
来源：
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES | 2004年 / 52卷 / 03期
关键词：
composite right-/left-handed (CRLH) transmission; lines (TLs); coupled lines; directional couplers;
D O I：
10.1109/TMTT.2004.823579
中图分类号：
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号：
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要：
xA novel composite right-/left-handed (CRLH) backward-wave coupled-line directional coupler with arbitrary coupling level and broad bandwidth is presented, explained by even/odd-mode analysis, validated by full-wave simulations, and demonstrated by experiments. First, the CRLH-transmission-line (CRLH TL) theory is given, and a microstrip implementation of a CRLH TL is described. A simple circuit model is then proposed both for the understanding and design of the coupler. The coupler exhibits very unusual characteristics, such as zero electrical length, imaginary even/odd-mode characteristic impedances, and coupling dependence on even/odd attenuation length (instead of propagation length). Both a quasi-0- and 3-dB coupler are demonstrated experimentally. The 3-dB coupler exhibits amplitude balance of +/-2 dB over a huge bandwidth of 50% (3.5 +/- 5.8 GHz), phase balance of 90degrees +/- 5degrees from 3.0 to 4.0 GHz and directivity of 20 dB.
引用
收藏
页码：980 / 992
页数：13
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